Abstract

Due to reduced instructional time in Physical Education (PE), teachers are challenged to help students achieve at least 50% of class time in Moderate-to-Vigorous Physical Activity (MVPA). This study examined the effects of real-time heart rate (HR) feedback, extrinsic rewards, and grade level on students’ activity level in elementary PE. Results showed a significant main effect for grade level.  Second graders had a higher % MVPA than fifth graders. There was a significant screen  reward interaction. Participants in the screen condition had a higher % MVPA when extrinsic rewards were involved, but those in the no-screen condition had a higher % MVPA when no extrinsic reward was given. There was a significant grade level  reward interaction. Fifth graders had a higher % MVPA when tangible items were offered, but second graders had a higher % MVPA with oral recognition alone. The results suggested more teaching on the HR-related content and exploring different types of extrinsic rewards.

Keywords

Heart Rate Monitoring, Physical Education Technology, Extrinsic Motivation, Student Engagement, Elementary School Physical Activity, MVPA (Moderate-to-Vigorous Physical Activity),

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